Devices and methods for operating a solid state drive

ABSTRACT

The present disclosure includes methods and devices for operating a solid state drive. One method embodiment includes receiving an indication of a desired number of write input/output operations (IOPs) per unit time performed by the solid state drive. The method can also include managing the number of write IOPs performed by the solid state drive at least partially based on the desired number of write IOPs per unit time, a number of spare blocks in the solid state drive, and a desired operational life for the solid state drive.

PRIORITY INFORMATION

This application is a Continuation of U.S. application Ser. No.14/045,570 filed Oct. 3, 2013, which is a Continuation of U.S.application Ser. No. 12/127,484 filed May 27, 2008, now U.S. Pat. No.8,554,983, the specification of which are incorporated herein byreference.

BACKGROUND

Memory devices are typically provided as internal, semiconductor,integrated circuits in computers or other electronic devices. There aremany different types of memory including random-access memory (RAM),read only memory (ROM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronousdynamic random access memory (SDRAM), phase change random access memory(PCRAM), and flash memory, among others.

Solid state memory devices are utilized as volatile and non-volatilememory for a wide range of electronic applications. Flash memory, whichis just one type of solid state memory, typically uses a one-transistormemory cell that allows for high memory densities, high reliability, andlow power consumption.

Solid state memory devices, including flash devices, can be combinedtogether to form a solid state drive. A solid state drive can be used toreplace hard disk drives as the main storage device for a computer, asthe solid state drives can have large storage capacities, including anumber of gigabytes. The solid state drives can be coupled together by acontroller through a number of channels. Data can be written and read onthe number of solid state devices through the channels.

A solid state drive is a data storage device that uses solid statememory to store persistent data. A solid state drive often emulates ahard disk drive (but does not necessarily have to), thus easilyreplacing it in various applications. A solid state drive can ofteninclude either NAND flash non-volatile memory or DRAM volatile memory.Solid state drive manufacturers can use nonvolatile flash memory tocreate a drive that does not require an internal battery supply thusallowing the drive to be more versatile and compact. Solid state drivesusing flash memory, also known as flash drives, can use standard diskdrive form factors (e.g., 1.8-inch, 2.5-inch, and 3.5-inch, amongothers). In addition, flash solid state drives can retain memory evenduring power outages because of their lack of a need for an internalbattery, thus ensuring constant data storage ability even when notsupplied with power.

Flash solid state drives can have superior performance when compared tomagnetic disk drives due to their lack of moving parts, which eliminatesseek time, latency, and other electro-mechanical delays associated withmagnetic disk drives.

Solid state drives can include wear leveling techniques. Thesetechniques can include rotating the cells in the memory array to whichdata is written. Wear leveling can also include garbage collection thatentails rearranging data on memory arrays to account for the dynamic orstatic nature of the data. Garbage collection included in the wearleveling techniques can be helpful in managing the wear rate of theindividual cells of a memory array. These wear leveling techniques donot limit the amount of data that is written on a solid state drive andthey do not account for the rate of writing data and the time periodover which data is written on the device as being a factor that canaffect the performance of the drive.

In dynamic wear leveling, the data blocks with the highest amount ofinvalid pages can be reclaimed. A page or block of cells in a memoryarray can be reclaimed by moving valid data from the page or block froma first location to a second page or block location and erasing thefirst page or block location. Valid data can be data that is desired andshould be preserved in memory cells, while invalid data can be data thatno longer is desired and can be erased. A threshold for number of totalinvalid pages in a block can be set to determine if a block will bereclaimed. Particular blocks can be reclaimed by scanning the blocktable for blocks that have a number of invalid pages above thethreshold. A block table can have information detailing the type,location, and status, among other things, for the data in memory cells.

In static wear leveling, blocks that are storing static data can beexchanged with blocks that have high erase counts so that the blockswith static data, and corresponding lower erase counts, are reclaimed.Blocks that have high erase counts now have static data, thereforereducing the erase rate for that block.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of a solid state drive configurationin accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of a solid state drive operationarchitecture in accordance with one or more embodiments of the presentdisclosure.

FIG. 3 illustrates a flow diagram for operating a solid state driveaccording to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of a solid state drive having atleast one memory device operated in accordance with one or moreembodiments of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of a solid state memory modulehaving at least one memory device in a solid state drive in accordancewith one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present disclosure includes methods and devices for operating asolid state drive. One method embodiment includes receiving anindication of a desired number of write input/output operations (IOPs)per unit time performed by the solid state drive. The method can alsoinclude managing the number of write IOPs performed by the solid statedrive at least partially based on the desired number of write IOPs perunit time, a number of spare blocks in the solid state drive, and adesired operational life for the solid state drive.

The number of IOPs performed by the solid state drive that are monitoredand managed in various embodiments of the present disclosure can bewrite IOPs, where data is erased and written on the solid state drive byprogram and/or erase cycles. In various embodiments, an IOPs request canbe made by a controller to write data resulting in a program and/orerase cycle to occur on the solid state drive. A program and/or erasecycle can include a number of memory cells being erased, if necessary,and writing data to a number of memory cells. Solid state drives alsocan perform a read input/output (IO) operation, where data is retrievedand read by the solid state drive. A read IO operation by the drive doesnot have to be monitored or managed as a read IO operation should notaffect the life of the solid state drive.

In the following detailed description of the present disclosure,reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part hereof,and in which is shown by way of illustration how one or more embodimentsof the disclosure may be practiced. These embodiments are described insufficient detail to enable those of ordinary skill in the art topractice the embodiments of this disclosure, and it is to be understoodthat other embodiments may be utilized and that process, electrical,and/or structural changes may be made without departing from the scopeof the present disclosure.

FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of a solid state drive configurationin accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.The embodiment of FIG. 1 illustrates the components and architecture ofone embodiment of a solid state drive. In the embodiment illustrated inFIG. 1, the solid state drive includes a controller 102 and solid statememory arrays 104, 106, along with a random access memory (RAM) module108. The solid state memory arrays 104, 106 can be flash memory arrays,among other types of solid state memory arrays. The controller 102 cancommunicate with the solid state memory arrays 104, 106 to read, write,and erase data on the solid state memory arrays 104, 106. The controller102 can be used to manage the reading, writing, and erasing of data inthe solid state drive based upon inputs to the solid state drive.

In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 1, the solid state drive alsoincludes a physical layer 110 (PHY) coupled to the controller 102. Invarious embodiments, the PHY 110 can be a serial advanced technologyattachment (SATA), among other interface types. In one or moreembodiments, and as illustrated in FIG. 1, the PHY 110 can be coupled toprocessor 112 and to an interface connection module 114. The PHY 110allows the controller 102, the solid state memory arrays 104, 106, andthe RAM module 108 to communicate with the processor 112 and otherexternal components through the interface connection module 114.

Various embodiments can include a universal serial bus (USB) interfacefor the solid state drive. For instance, in the embodiment illustratedin FIG. 1, the controller 102 and the PHY 110 are coupled to a USBinterface 116. The USB interface 116 is coupled to a USB hub 118 and aUSB connection module 120 to allow external devices to be coupled to thesolid state drive. In some embodiments, a number of USB interfaces, USBhubs, and USB connection modules can be coupled to the solid state driveallowing for multiple USB device inputs. The USB interface 116 is alsocoupled to the USB interface identification module 122 to allow for theidentification of the USB interfaces that are part of the solid statedrive.

Embodiments of the present disclosure can include a number of solidstate memory arrays. For instance, in one or more embodiments, the solidstate drive can include 16 solid state memory arrays. Embodiments arenot limited to a particular number of solid state memory arrays. Thesolid state memory arrays can be various types of volatile and/ornon-volatile memory arrays (e.g., Flash or DRAM arrays, among others).The solid state memory arrays in embodiments of the present disclosurecan include a number of channels with a number of memory arrays coupledto each channel. In various embodiments, the memory arrays can becoupled to the controller 102 with 8 channels and 4 memory arrays oneach channel. In various embodiments, solid state memory arrays can bepartitioned into blocks that consist of 64 or 128 pages, for example,and each page can include 4096 bytes, for example. Embodiments of thepresent disclosure are not limited to a particular page and/or blocksize.

In one or more embodiments, the solid state drive can implement wearleveling to control the wear rate on the memory arrays (e.g. 104/106).As one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate, wear leveling canincrease the life of a solid state memory array since a solid statememory array can experience failure after a number of program and/orerase cycles.

In various embodiments, wear leveling can include dynamic wear levelingto minimize the amount of valid blocks moved to reclaim a block. Dynamicwear leveling can include a technique called garbage collection in whichblocks with a number of invalid pages (i.e., pages with data that hasbeen re-written to a different page and/or is no longer needed on theinvalid pages) are reclaimed by erasing the block. Static wear levelingincludes writing static data to blocks that have high erase counts toprolong the life of the block.

In some embodiments, a number of blocks can be designated as spareblocks to reduce the amount of write amplification associated withwriting data in the memory array. A spare block can be a block in amemory array that can be designated as a block where data can not bewritten. Write amplification is a process that occurs when writing datato solid state memory arrays. When randomly writing data in a memoryarray, the memory array scans for free space in the array. Free space ina memory array can be individual cells, pages, and/or blocks of memorycells that are not programmed. If there is enough free space to writethe data, then the data is written to the free space in the memoryarray. If there is not enough free space in one location, the data inthe memory array is rearranged by erasing, moving, and rewriting thedata that is already present in the memory array to a new locationleaving free space for the new data that is to be written in the memoryarray. The rearranging of old data in the memory array is called writeamplification because the amount of writing the memory arrays has to doin order to write new data is amplified based upon the amount of freespace in the memory array and the size of the new data that is to bewritten on the memory array. Write amplification can be reduced byincreasing the amount of space on a memory array that is designated asfree space (i.e., where static data will not be written), thus allowingfor less amplification of the amount of data that has to be writtenbecause less data will have to be rearranged.

In various embodiments, host and/or user traffic and/or program/erasecycles performed by the solid state drive can be monitored, in additionto wear leveling in the solid state drive, to improve performance of thesolid state drive. Host and/or user traffic requests can be made by theprocessor through the controller to read data and/or erase/write data onthe solid state drive. Program and/or erase cycles can be monitored todetermine the wear rate and life expectancy of the blocks and/or pagesin the solid state memory arrays, as a solid state memory arrays canonly be erased and written to a finite number of time. Host and/or usertraffic trends can be monitored and altered to allow the drive toperform for a desired operational life (e.g., a time period such ashours, days, weeks, years, etc). The solid state drive can monitor andlimit the number of program and/or erase cycles performed by the solidstate drive, such as to ensure a desired operational life of the drive.The solid state drive can also monitor the number of program and/orerase cycles performed over a particular time period to determine how tocalculate the allowable program and/or erase cycle rate for the drivegiven the a number of space blocks and the desired operational life ofthe drive.

In addition, in some embodiments, the number of spare blocks in thesolid state memory arrays of the solid state drive can be controlled toensure operability over a desired operational life for a desired numberof write IOPs per unit time. The percentage of spare blocks can beoptimized for the type of data that is being programmed on the solidstate drive. A solid state drive that has static data (i.e., data thatis stored on the drive for long periods of time without be erased and/orrewritten) can have a lower percentage of spare blocks because there isless need to reclaim blocks in the drive due to the static nature of thedata having fewer program and/or erase cycles. In a solid state drivethat has dynamic data (i.e., data that is programmed and/or erased morefrequently) a higher percentage of spare blocks can be used to reducethe write amplification associated with having to reclaim blocks toperform program and/or erase cycles in the memory array. In oneembodiment, for example, the percentage of spare blocks can be set toless than 20 percent for use with static data. In other embodiments, thepercentage of spare blocks can be set to more than 20 percent for usewith dynamic data.

In some embodiments, the limits placed on the number of write IOPsperformed can be removed for a desired burst period, such as to allowfor peak performance during the burst period. The use of the burstperiod, where the number of write IOPs performed is not limited, canallow the solid state drive to operate to its full capability so a usercan utilize the full function of the drive. The burst period can belimited to a defined time period (e.g., one second, one minute, onehour, or one day, etc.). The number of write IOPs performed can befurther limited after the burst period to compensate for the extraprogram and/or erase cycles that occurred during the burst period.

Embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the exampleillustrated in FIG. 1. For example, embodiments can include more orfewer than the two solid state memory arrays 104, 106 illustrated inFIG. 1.

FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram of a solid state drive operationarchitecture in accordance with one or more embodiments of the presentdisclosure. The embodiment of FIG. 2 illustrates a solid state drivecontroller 202 with inputs 230, 232, 234 to manage the write IOPsperformed by the solid state drive, host and/or user traffic, and/orprogram and/or erase cycles of the solid state drive. In the embodimentof FIG. 2, input 230 represents the number of spare blocks in a solidstate drive, input 232 represents the desired number of writeinput/output operations (IOPs) per unit time performed by the solidstate drive, and input 234 represents the desired operational life forthe solid state drive. Inputs 230, 232, and 234 can be selected by auser and/or a managed wear system of a computing device and input to thecontroller 202. These inputs 230, 232, and 234 are used to manage writeIOPs performed by the solid state drive, host and/or user traffic,and/or program and/or erase cycles on the solid state drive, such as toensure operability over the desired time operational life of the solidstate drive.

In various embodiments, once the number of spare blocks in the solidstate drive is input to the controller, the host/user traffic regulatingmodule 240 in the controller 202 can monitor the program/erase cyclesperformed by the solid state drive. In some embodiments, the number ofwrite IOPs performed by the solid state drive can be throttled in adynamically selectable fashion according the desired operational lifeand the number of program and/or erase cycles already performed duringthe solid state drive's life. In various embodiments, the throttling canbe done by acknowledging write IOPs requests with increased delay toslow the host and/or user traffic. In various embodiments, throttlingthe number of write IOPs can control the wear rate of the solid statedrive. By limiting the number of write IOPs performed by the solid statedrive, the drive's functional life can be extended through thethrottling process.

In some embodiments, input 232 for the desired number of write IOPs perunit time performed by the solid state drive can be ignored by thecontroller 202 for a burst period. During a burst period throttling isnot used and an unlimited number of write IOPs can be performed, up tothe performance limitations of the solid state drive. A threshold lengthfor the burst period can be set, wherein throttling will be implementedagain if host/user traffic requests remain at a level higher than thedesired number of write IOPs per unit time for a time period longer thanthe burst period threshold. In some embodiments, after a burst period,where the number of write IOPs performed is not throttled, the number ofwrite IOPs that can be performed by the solid state drive to ensure itsoperational life is recalculated via a feedback loop in the host/userregulating module 240 and a new throttling IOPs rate is implemented bythe controller 202.

In various embodiments, a wear leveling module 242 can be used by thecontroller 202 to regulate program and/or erase cycles on the solidstate drive by implementing dynamic and static wear leveling. The wearleveling module 242 and the host/user regulating module 240 can be usedto shape the performance characteristics of the solid state drive. Thedata from the wear leveling module 242 and the host/user regulatingmodule 240 can be sent to the self-monitoring, analysis and reportingtechnology (SMART) interface 250 of the solid state drive, so theoperating system that is used to operate the solid state drive canaccess the performance data of the solid state drive and in turn controlperformance of the solid state drive to desired levels. In someembodiments, for example, the SMART interface 250 of the solid statedrive uses the number of IOPs performed by the solid state drive todetermine garbage collection techniques for wear leveling the solidstate drive, among other performance controls of the solid state drive.

FIG. 3 illustrates a method 300 for operating a solid state driveaccording to an embodiment of the present disclosure. At block 302, themethod includes receiving an indication of a desired number of writeinput/output operations (IOPs) per unit time performed by the solidstate drive. At block 304, the method includes managing the number ofwrite IOPs performed by the solid state drive at least partially basedon the desired number of write IOPs per unit time, a number of spareblocks in the solid state drive, and a desired operational life for thesolid state drive.

In various embodiments, the method can include setting a number of spareblocks in a solid state drive and a desired operational life for thesolid state drive.

In various embodiments, a burst time period can be defined where thenumber of write IOPs performed by the solid state drive during a bursttime period are not limited. A burst period can allow for peakperformance of the solid state drive for a limited time period byeliminating the limits on the number of write IOPs performed by thesolid state drive. In some embodiments, the limit on the number of writeIOPs performed by the solid state drive can be recalculated after theburst time period to compensate for the additional write IOPs performedduring the burst period.

In various embodiments, the number of write IOPs performed by the solidstate drive can be sent to a self-monitoring, analysis and reportingtechnology (SMART) interface of the solid state drive. Also, in someembodiments, the number of write IOPs performed by the solid state drivecan be incorporated into a wear leveling operation of the solid statedrive.

In various embodiments, the solid state drive receiving a number ofspare blocks in a solid state drive, a desired number of writeinput/output operations (IOPs) per unit time performed by the solidstate drive, and a desired operational life for the solid state drivecan be completed with a user interface associated with the solid statedrive. The user interface can allow a user to input the number of spareblocks in a solid state drive, the desired number of write IOPs per unittime performed by the solid state drive, and the desired operationallife for the solid state drive to the solid state drive.

FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram of a solid state drive system 400having at least one memory device 420 operated in accordance with one ormore embodiments of the present disclosure. Solid state drive system 400includes a processor 410 coupled to a non-volatile memory device 420that includes a memory array 430 of non-volatile cells. The solid statedrive system 400 can include separate integrated circuits or both theprocessor 410 and the memory device 420 can be on the same integratedcircuit. The processor 410 can be a microprocessor or some other type ofcontrolling circuitry such as an application-specific integrated circuit(ASIC).

The memory device 420 includes an array of non-volatile memory cells430, which can be floating gate flash memory cells with a NANDarchitecture. The control gates of memory cells of a “row” are coupledwith a select line, while the drain regions of the memory cells of a“column” are coupled to sense lines. The source regions of the memorycells are coupled to source lines. As will be appreciated by those ofordinary skill in the art, the manner of connection of the memory cellsto the sense lines and source lines depends on whether the array is aNAND architecture, a NOR architecture, and AND architecture, or someother memory array architecture.

The embodiment of FIG. 4 includes address circuitry 440 to latch addresssignals provided over I/O connections 462 through I/O circuitry 460.Address signals are received and decoded by a row decoder 444 and acolumn decoder 446 to access the memory array 430. It will beappreciated by those skilled in the art that the number of address inputconnections depends on the density and architecture of the memory array430 and that the number of addresses increases with both increasednumbers of memory cells and increased numbers of memory blocks andarrays.

The memory device 420 senses data in the memory array 430 by sensingvoltage and/or current changes in the memory array columns usingsense/buffer circuitry that in this embodiment can be read/latchcircuitry 450. The read/latch circuitry 450 can read and latch a page,e.g., a row or a portion of a row, of data from the memory array 430.I/O circuitry 460 is included for bi-directional data communication overthe I/O connections 462 with the processor 410. Write circuitry 455 isincluded to write data to the memory array 430.

Control circuitry 402 decodes signals provided by control connections472 from the processor 410. These signals can include chip signals,write enable signals, and address latch signals that are used to controlthe operations on the memory array 430, including data sensing, datawrite, and data erase operations. The control circuitry 402 can issuecommands and/or send signals to selectively reset particular registersand/or sections of registers according to one or more embodiments of thepresent disclosure. In one or more embodiments, the control circuitry402 is responsible for executing instructions from the processor 410 toperform the operations according to embodiments of the presentdisclosure. The control circuitry 402 can be a state machine, asequencer, or some other type of controller. It will be appreciated bythose skilled in the art that additional circuitry and control signalscan be provided, and that the memory device detail of FIG. 4 has beenreduced to facilitate ease of illustration.

FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of a solid state memory module 500having at least one memory array operated in accordance with one or moreembodiments of the present disclosure. Memory module 500 is illustratedas a number of memory arrays with a controller and control circuitry,although the concepts discussed with reference to memory module 500 areapplicable to any type of solid state memory and are intended to bewithin the scope of “memory module” used herein as part of the solidstate drive. In addition, although one example form factor is depictedin FIG. 5, these concepts are applicable to other form factors as well.A solid state drive can have a number of solid state memory arrays. InFIG. 5, the solid state memory array 510 can be any type of solid statememory including flash, DRAM, SDRAM, and SRAM, among other types ofsolid state memory.

In some embodiments, the solid state memory arrays can be coupledtogether in the solid state drive with a number of channels. In oneembodiment, a solid state drive can have eight channels with four solidstate memory arrays on each channel for a total of 32 solid state memoryarrays in a solid state memory device.

In some embodiments, a solid state drive can include a controller 502 tomanage host and/or use traffic on the solid state drive. The controller502 can route host/user traffic to the number of solid state memoryarrays. The controller 502 can limit the number of write IOPs performedby the solid state drive to manage the wear on the solid state drive.Limiting the number of write IOPs performed can be used to manage thewear rate of the memory arrays in the solid state drive.

In one or more embodiments, memory module 500 can include a housing 505to enclose memory array 510, though such housing is not essential to asolid state drive. The memory module 500 can be included in a solidstate drive, wherein a number of memory modules, with their memory cellarrays, provide the memory arrays for the solid state drive. The memoryarray 510 can include an array of non-volatile multilevel memory cellsthat can be sensed according to embodiments described herein. Wherepresent, the housing 505 includes one or more contacts 515 forcommunication with a solid state drive, a personal computer, or otherdevices that require electronic memory. In general, however, contacts515 provide an interface for passing control, address and/or datasignals between the memory module 500 and a solid state drive havingcompatible receptors for the contacts 515.

The memory module 500 may optionally include controller 502 which canhave additional circuitry that may be one or more integrated circuitsand/or discrete components. For one or more embodiments, the additionalcircuitry in controller 502 may include control circuitry forcontrolling access across a number of memory arrays and/or for providinga translation layer between an external host and the memory module 500.For example, there may not be a one-to-one correspondence between thenumber of contacts 515 and a number of connections to the number ofmemory arrays. Thus, a memory controller could selectively couple an I/Oconnection (not shown in FIG. 10) of a memory array to receive theappropriate signal at the appropriate I/O connection at the appropriatetime or to provide the appropriate signal at the appropriate contact 515at the appropriate time. Similarly, the communication protocol between ahost and the memory module 500 may be different than what is requiredfor access of a memory array 510. Memory controller 502 could thentranslate the command sequences received from a host into theappropriate command sequences to achieve the desired access to thememory array 510. Such translation may further include changes in signalvoltage levels in addition to command sequences.

The additional circuitry of controller 502 may further includefunctionality unrelated to control of a memory array 510 such as logicfunctions as might be performed by an ASIC. Also, the additionalcircuitry of controller 502 may include circuitry to restrict read orwrite access to the memory module 500, such as password protection,biometrics or the like. The additional circuitry of controller 502 mayinclude circuitry to indicate a status of the memory module 500. Forexample, the additional circuitry of controller 502 may includefunctionality to determine whether power is being supplied to the memorymodule 500 and whether the memory module 500 is currently beingaccessed, and to display an indication of its status, such as a solidlight while powered and a flashing light while being accessed. Theadditional circuitry of controller 502 may further include passivedevices, such as decoupling capacitors to help regulate powerrequirements within the memory module 500.

CONCLUSION

The present disclosure includes methods and devices for operating asolid state drive. One method embodiment includes receiving anindication of a desired number of write input/output operations (IOPs)per unit time performed by the solid state drive. The method can alsoinclude managing the number of write IOPs performed by the solid statedrive at least partially based on the desired number of write IOPs perunit time, a number of spare blocks in the solid state drive, and adesired operational life for the solid state drive.

Although specific embodiments have been illustrated and describedherein, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that anarrangement calculated to achieve the same results can be substitutedfor the specific embodiments shown. This disclosure is intended to coveradaptations or variations of one or more embodiments of the presentdisclosure. It is to be understood that the above description has beenmade in an illustrative fashion, and not a restrictive one. Combinationof the above embodiments, and other embodiments not specificallydescribed herein will be apparent to those of skill in the art uponreviewing the above description. The scope of the one or moreembodiments of the present disclosure includes other applications inwhich the above structures and methods are used. Therefore, the scope ofone or more embodiments of the present disclosure should be determinedwith reference to the appended claims, along with the full range ofequivalents to which such claims are entitled.

In the foregoing Detailed Description, some features are groupedtogether in a single embodiment for the purpose of streamlining thedisclosure. This method of disclosure is not to be interpreted asreflecting an intention that the disclosed embodiments of the presentdisclosure have to use more features than are expressly recited in eachclaim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive subject matterlies in less than all features of a single disclosed embodiment. Thus,the following claims are hereby incorporated into the DetailedDescription, with each claim standing on its own as a separateembodiment.

1.-20. (canceled)
 21. A method, comprising: managing a number ofoperations performed by a solid state drive and a number of spare blocksin the solid state drive at least partially based on: a user indicatednumber of write input/output operations (IOPs) per unit time; a userindicated number of spare blocks in the solid state drive; and a userindicated operational life for the solid state drive.
 22. The method ofclaim 21, wherein managing the number of operations performed by thesolid state drive includes limiting the number of write IOPs performedby the solid state drive.
 23. The method of claim 21, wherein managingthe number of operations performed by the solid state drive includeslimiting the number of write IOPs performed by the solid state drive tohave the solid state drive perform the user indicated number of writeIOPs per unit time.
 24. The method of claim 21, further including notlimiting the number of write IOPs performed during a burst time period.25. The method of claim 24, wherein managing the number of operationsperformed by the solid state drive further includes limiting the numberof write IOPs at least partially based on the number of write IOPsperformed during the burst time period.
 26. The method of claim 21,further including sending the number of write IOPs performed by thesolid state drive to a self-monitoring, analysis and reportingtechnology (SMART) interface of the solid state drive.
 27. The method ofclaim 21, further including performing a wear leveling operation on thesolid state drive at least partially based on the number of write IOPsperformed by the solid state drive.
 28. The method of claim 21, furtherincluding receiving an indication of the number of spare blocks in thesolid state drive and an indication of the operational life for thesolid state drive.
 29. The method of claim 28, wherein receiving anindication of a number of write IOPs per unit time performed by thesolid state drive, the indication of the number of spare blocks in thesolid state drive, and the indication of the operational life for thesolid state drive comprises receiving the indications from a userthrough a user interface associated with the solid state drive.
 30. Amethod, comprising: setting a number of write input/output operations(IOPs) per unit time to be performed by the solid state drive at leastpartially based on a user indicated amount of spare blocks and at leastpartially based on a user indicated operation life; and managing writeIOPs performed by the solid state drive and a number of spare blocks inthe solid state drive at least partially based on the set number ofwrite per unit time to be performed by the solid state drive, the userindicated amount of spare blocks, and the user indicated operationallife for the solid state drive to allow the solid state drive to performfor the user indicated operational life.
 31. The method of claim 30,wherein managing further includes not limiting the number of write IOPsperformed by the solid state drive over a number of burst periods. 32.The method of claim 31, wherein managing further includes compensatingfor the number of write IOPs performed during the number of burstperiods by further limiting a future number of write IOPs performed bythe solid state drive.
 33. The method of claim 30, wherein managingfurther includes allowing a limited number of write IOPs to be performedover a period of time.
 34. The method of claim 30, further includingmanaging a number of spare blocks in the solid state drive at leastpartially based on the user indicated operational life.
 35. The methodof claim 30, wherein setting the amount of spare blocks includes settinga percentage of spare blocks.
 36. A solid state memory device,comprising: a number of solid state memory arrays; and a controllercoupled to the number of solid state memory arrays and configured to:receive a user indication of a number of spare blocks in the number ofsolid state memory arrays, receive a user indication of a number ofwrite IOPs per unit time, receive a user indication of an operationallife for the number of solid state memory arrays, and manage writeinput/outputs operations (IOPs) performed by the number of solid statememory arrays and a number of spare blocks in the number of solid statememory arrays at least partially based on the number of spare blocks inthe solid state memory arrays, the number of write IOPS per unit time,and the operational life for the number of solid state memory arrays.37. The solid state memory device of claim 36, wherein the controllermanages a rate at which the number of write IOPs are performed by thenumber of solid state memory arrays based, at least partially, upon thenumber of spare blocks in the solid state drive and the operational lifefor the solid state memory arrays.
 38. The solid state memory device ofclaim 36, wherein the controller dynamically manages host traffic on thesolid state device to reduce wear of the number of solid state memoryarrays.
 39. The solid state memory device of claim 38, wherein thecontroller dynamically manages host traffic on the solid state device byacknowledging write IOPs requests with increased delay.
 40. The solidstate memory device of claim 36, wherein the controller is configured toperform a wear leveling operation that is at least partially based onthe number of write IOPs performed by the solid state drive.